Pediatric Assessment —— PATPediatric Assessment Triangle 儿科评估三角Pediatric Assessment当你认为病人生命受到威胁时，即刻进入紧急救援状态，给予病人生命支持的各项措施。AssessCategorizeDecideAction 儿科评估三角，PAT Pediatric Assessment Triangle目标PAT 的三个组成部分对儿科病人的最初特征作出评估评估后形成大体印象首要处理外观Appearance 呼吸Breathing循环Circulation 儿科评估三角Pediatric Assessment Triangle外观Appearance肌张力 Tone反应 Interactiveness可安抚 Consolability注意力 Look/Gaze发声 Speech/Cry声音体位三凹征鼻扇呼吸做功Work of Breathing苍白花斑纹紫绀循环Circulation to Skin稳定 ABC normal 呼吸困难 B abnormal呼吸衰竭 B abnormal & A/C休克 C abnormal中枢神经系统失调 A abnormal心肺功能衰竭或骤停 ABC abnormal大体印象 General Impression处 理Action保持气道开放位置供氧氧饱、心电和度监测BLSPALSBreathing: Respiratory RateAge Respiratory Rate婴儿Infant 30 to 60幼儿Toddler 24 to 40学龄前Preschooler 22 to 34学龄期School-aged child 18 to 30青少年Adolescent 12 to 16AgeNormal Heart RateInfant100 to 160Toddler90 to 150Preschooler80 to 140School-aged child70 to 120Adolescent60 to 100Circulation: Heart RatePulse quality: Palpate central and peripheral pulsesSkin temperature: Reverse thermometer signCapillary refillBlood pressure: Minimum BP = 70 + (2 X age in years)CirculationPALS guideline AHA 2008
